Dr. Hassan on the Significance of the Calligraphy Biennial

The Sharjah Calligraphy Biennial stands as a beacon for art enthusiasts, scholars, and practitioners globally, bringing to life the timeless tradition of Arabic calligraphy. This prestigious event, held under the theme “Arabic Calligraphy – Approaches and Schools,” unites artists, academics, and enthusiasts to delve into the cultural, historical, and artistic depths of this unique art form. Dr. Mohammed Hassan, a renowned researcher and one of the main speakers at the international symposium accompanying the Calligraphy Biennial, brings an insightful perspective to the event. With Arabic calligraphy at its core, the Biennial not only serves as a celebration but as an academic and cultural exploration of this art’s significance across generations and continents.

Sharjah Calligraphy Biennial

The Calligraphy Biennial, organized by Sharjah’s Department of Culture, has solidified its place as one of the most important events in the art world, specifically in the domain of Arabic calligraphy. Sharjah, often referred to as the cultural capital of the UAE, has taken significant steps in promoting traditional Islamic art forms. The Biennial acts as a bridge, connecting ancient traditions with contemporary interpretations. With international participation, the event showcases not only the beauty of Arabic script but also highlights the innovation and adaptability of calligraphic art in modern times.

At the heart of this Biennial is the symposium, which acts as the intellectual backbone of the event. According to Dr. Hassan, the symposium titled “Arabic Calligraphy – Approaches and Schools” seeks to blend historical insights, artistic traditions, and cultural contexts to provide a multifaceted understanding of calligraphy. This year, the symposium’s primary focus is on examining the different “schools” of Arabic calligraphy, analyzing the nature of their curricula, and understanding how these styles have evolved.

The Revival of Arabic Calligraphy

Arabic calligraphy is more than just an art form; it is a medium through which culture, spirituality, and language have intersected over centuries. Emerging as one of the most revered Islamic art forms, calligraphy has been employed in everything from religious manuscripts and architectural embellishments to modern-day digital art. Its versatility and beauty lie in its ability to adapt while preserving its core principles of balance, harmony, and fluidity.

Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in Arabic calligraphy, with art collectors and enthusiasts appreciating its aesthetic appeal and cultural significance. According to data from the global art market in 2023, the value of Islamic and Arabic calligraphy art pieces has increased notably, reflecting a renewed fascination with the art form. Contemporary artists are fusing traditional calligraphic techniques with modern art practices, such as digital and abstract art, ensuring that the tradition remains relevant and continues to captivate global audiences.

Calligraphy Styles

One of the symposium’s key objectives is to highlight the diverse schools of Arabic calligraphy that have developed over centuries, each representing a different period, cultural influence, and geographic origin. These calligraphic “schools” or styles have their unique aesthetics and methodologies, shaping the evolution of the art. Among the most prominent are:

Kufic: The Ancient Origin

Kufic is one of the oldest styles of Arabic calligraphy, known for its angular, linear, and often geometric shapes. Originating from the city of Kufa in Iraq, this script was used in the early Islamic period for both secular and religious texts. It is often seen in architectural inscriptions, such as those found on early Islamic mosques and buildings, where its bold and structured form gives a sense of permanence and reverence.

Naskh: The Readable Script

Naskh, known for its cursive flow and readability, emerged as one of the most widely used scripts in Arabic manuscripts and the Qur’an. Unlike the rigid structure of Kufic, Naskh features soft, rounded letters and a fluid connection between characters, making it suitable for lengthy texts. Today, it remains a dominant style in both print and digital media.

Thuluth: The Elegant Style

Thuluth, with its elegant, elongated form, is often associated with decoration and ornamentation. Developed in the early centuries of Islam, this style is characterized by its large, curved letters and complex compositions. Its graceful form has made it a popular choice for decorative purposes in architecture, book covers, and artistic displays. Many artists at the Biennial have showcased their Thuluth works, blending tradition with contemporary interpretations.

Diwani: The Royal Flair

Developed during the Ottoman Empire, Diwani is known for its intricate, flowing lines and ornamental elegance. It was traditionally used in royal decrees, official documents, and diplomatic correspondence due to its decorative nature and difficulty to forge. Its elaborate style is both beautiful and complex, often incorporating flourishes and loops that add to its ornate appeal.

Each of these schools of calligraphy tells a story of the culture and era it represents, offering unique artistic approaches that have been passed down and adapted over generations. The Calligraphy Biennial provides a platform for artists to explore these styles, blend them with contemporary elements, and showcase the versatility of Arabic calligraphy.

Related: Sultan bin Ahmed Opens 11th Sharjah Calligraphy Forum

The Calligraphy Biennial Global Reach

The Calligraphy Biennial has grown to be more than just an art exhibition; it has become a global meeting ground for artists, scholars, and enthusiasts who are passionate about Arabic calligraphy. The event’s international recognition has made it an incubator for fresh ideas, encouraging both established and emerging artists to engage in artistic dialogue and cross-cultural exchange. By including workshops, lectures, and hands-on demonstrations, the Biennial fosters a deeper understanding of calligraphy’s significance in both historical and modern contexts.

This global reach has also had an impact on the commercial art market. Art collectors and investors are increasingly interested in Arabic calligraphy, particularly in pieces that blend traditional motifs with modern interpretations. In 2023, art auctions have reported significant sales of calligraphic works, particularly from artists who are pushing the boundaries of the art form and experimenting with new materials, techniques, and visual elements.

Dr. Hassan’s Vision

Dr. Mohammed Hassan’s insights provide a roadmap for the future of Arabic calligraphy. He envisions a path that not only preserves the rich history of the art form but also promotes innovation and adaptation to contemporary contexts. By examining the methodologies and philosophies behind different calligraphic schools, artists can develop a renewed appreciation for their craft and find ways to adapt it to modern platforms—be it digital art, contemporary gallery spaces, or public installations.

He emphasizes that Islamic art, particularly calligraphy, is constantly evolving. The fusion of historical tradition and modern creativity allows calligraphy to maintain its relevance, attracting a diverse audience that appreciates its beauty and cultural significance. The symposium’s discussions about the different schools of calligraphy are crucial for highlighting this dynamic interplay between the past and the present.

Sharjah’s Role in Preserving Arabic Calligraphy

Sharjah has positioned itself as a key cultural hub in the UAE, nurturing and promoting Islamic art forms, particularly Arabic calligraphy. By hosting the Calligraphy Biennial, the city reinforces its commitment to art, culture, and education. The Biennial not only provides a platform for artists to exhibit their work but also strengthens the role of calligraphy in contemporary artistic dialogue. This support for the art form ensures that Arabic calligraphy continues to thrive, inspiring both the younger generation of artists and seasoned practitioners.

The cultural significance of the Calligraphy Biennial goes beyond the Middle East. It stands as a testament to the adaptability and universality of Arabic calligraphy, demonstrating how this intricate art form can resonate with audiences worldwide. Events like these are essential for preserving calligraphic traditions while fostering a global appreciation for the artistic and cultural heritage of the Islamic world.

Celebrating the Calligraphy Biennial

In essence, the Calligraphy Biennial in Sharjah is a convergence of history, culture, and modernity, where art and academia intersect to explore the profound beauty of Arabic calligraphy. The event, alongside the symposium led by experts like Dr. Hassan, provides a space for reflection, learning, and artistic exploration. As the art form continues to evolve, the Biennial stands as a powerful reminder of the rich cultural heritage embedded within Arabic calligraphy, inspiring artists, scholars, and audiences to cherish and contribute to this timeless tradition.